Day: October 18, 2010

A Sensivity Analysis for the Selection of Business Critical Geodata in Swiss Outdoor Advertisement

/ Matt Artz

GIScience 2010

D. Hecker, C. Körner, H. Streich, and U. Hofmann

“In this paper we conduct a sensitivity analysis to estimate the effect of additional geodata on performance measurements in Swiss outdoor advertisement. Our analysis shows that for most of the Swiss poster locations it is not necessary to restrict visibility areas additionally by a building layer. However, without restriction, panels with viewing distances above 40 meters show increased opportunities of contact, especially in inner-city regions. In future research we will confirm our results further by statistical testing and a structural comparison of the building layer between other regions in Switzerland.”

Spatio-temporal Variation in Malaria Transmission Intensity in Five Agro-ecosystems in Mvomero District, Tanzania

/ Matt Artz / 1 Comment

Geospatial Health, Volume 4, Number 2, May 2010, Pages 167-178

Leonard E. G. Mboera,  Kesheni P. Senkoro,  Benjamin K. Mayala,  Susan F. Rumisha,  Rwehumbiza T. Rwegoshora,  Malongo R. S. Mlozi,  Elizabeth H. Shayo

“In Africa, malaria is predominantly a rural disease where agriculture forms the backbone of the economy. Various agro-ecosystems and crop production systems have an impact on mosquito productivity, and hence malaria transmission intensity. This study was carried out to determine spatial and temporal variations in anopheline mosquito population and malaria transmission intensity in five villages, representing different agro-ecosystems in Mvomero district, Tanzania, so as to provide baseline information for malaria interventions. The agro-ecosystems consisted of irrigated sugarcane, flooding rice irrigation, non-flooding rice irrigation, wet savannah and dry savannah. In each setting, adult mosquitoes were sampled monthly using light traps recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from August 2004 to July 2005. A total of 35,702 female mosquitoes were collected. Anopheles gambiae sensu lato was the most abundant (58.9%) mosquito species. An. funestus accounted for 12.0% of the mosquitoes collected. There was a substantial village to village variation and seasonality in the density of Anopheles mosquito population, with peaks in May towards the end of the warm and rainy season. Significantly larger numbers of anophelines were collected from traditional flooding rice irrigation ecosystem (70.7%) than in non-flooding rice irrigation (8.6%), sugarcane (7.0%), wet savannah (7.3%) and dry savannah (6.4%). The overall sporozoite rates for An. gambiae and An. funestus were 3.4% and 2.3%, respectively. The combined overall sporozoite rate (An. gambiae+An. funestus) was 3.2%. The mean annual entomological inoculation rate (EIR) for An. gambiae s.l. was 728 infective bites per person per year and this was significantly higher in traditional flooding rice irrigation (1351) than in other agro-ecosystems. The highest EIRs for An. gambiae s.l. and An. funestus were observed during May 2005 (long rainy season) and December 2004 (short rainy season), respectively. The findings support the evidence that malaria transmission risk varies even between neighbouring villages and is influenced by agro-ecosystems. This study therefore, demonstrates the need to generate spatial and temporal data on transmission intensity on smaller scales taking into consideration agro-ecosystems that will identify area-specific transmission intensity to guide targeted control of malaria operations.”

Spatial Analysis of an Anthrax Outbreak in Saskatchewan, 2006

/ Matt Artz

The Canadian Veterinary Journal, Volume 51, July 2010

Tasha Epp; Connie Argue; Cheryl Waldner; Olaf Berke

“An outbreak of anthrax in Saskatchewan in 2006 affected more than 800 animals at 150 locations. The purpose of this study was to assess the spatial and temporal patterns among the cases to determine if there were any significant trends associated with this outbreak. Case and population data were first analyzed for each individual farm location and then again as aggregate data per rural municipality using spatial and spatiotemporal statistical methods such as Oden’s Ipop, Cuzick-Edwards’ test, spatial scan test, and other mapping techniques. East central Saskatchewan was identified as a primary high risk area, particularly during July 2006. The results of the study led to the conclusion that within this high-risk region, flooding in spring followed by hot and dry conditions could have been a factor in the development of the outbreak.”